SPF under the microscope: all about sunscreens and tanning
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The sun sends us invisible rays every day that can burn our skin, accelerate aging, and in the worst case, contribute to the development of cancer. The good news is that we can protect ourselves from all this with a single habit – regular use of sunscreen (SPF). In just a few minutes a day, you will get the cheapest and easiest “anti-aging” care known to dermatology.
Why is the sun harmful – and what the letters UVA and UVB mean
- UVB = “Burn” – short rays that burn you quickly. They are strongest around noon.
- UVA = "Age" – longer rays that pass through clouds and glass (often even a window if you sit too close) and slowly destroy collagen (wrinkles, age spots).
- UV index = if the UV index is 3 and above, it's time to pull out the sunscreen, hat and sunglasses.
What does SPF mean on the packaging?
- The SPF number tells you how long the sunscreen will protect you from UVB burns. SPF 30 blocks about 97% of these rays, SPF 50 about 98%.
But don't be fooled by the "only one percent" difference. We often apply too little sunscreen or forget to reapply throughout the day. If you want to be more comfortable, be sure to apply a SPF of 50 (especially in the summer).
- Read the labels: Look for “broad spectrum” or "UVA in a circle" - this means that the product also covers UVA radiation, at least a third of the UVB value.
Simply put: a higher number protects your skin more. But it's just as important to apply enough SPF and reapply throughout the day.
If you think that "it's enough to apply it in the morning," we have to disappoint you. Every rub, sweat, and sunlight "eats" the cream itself. Without renewal, you are only protected for about two hours. That's why it's so important to renew the protective layer of the cream regularly - especially in the hot summer when you're out in the sun.
Mineral or “chemical” sunscreen – which one is for you?
|
Type |
How it works |
Who is it suitable for? |
Skin feeling |
|
Mineral (or so-called physical) (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide) |
Like a small mirror, it reflects and scatters UV rays from the skin. |
People with sensitive skin, young children and people who want a " reef-safe " solution (e.g. if you plan to swim in the sea). |
Due to its composition, it often leaves a white film. |
|
Chemical (organic filters) |
It absorbs UV radiation like a sponge and converts it into heat. |
Everyone who wants a light, invisible texture without a white film. |
Transparent, leaves no film. |
Both types are safe and effective, the difference is mainly in the feel on the skin and the color of the film.
How much cream and how often should I use it?
- Quantity: For the face and neck, two full lines of cream on the index and middle fingers – the so-called two-finger rule.
- About a shot (30–35 ml) will cover the entire body of an adult.
- Reapplication: Every 2 hours or immediately after swimming, sweating or toweling.
Why does it have to be repeated? The cream rubs off, breaks down with the sun and sebum – after two hours, about a fifth less remains.
And what about your beauty routine? Read about that in the article Morning skincare in summer.
A brief guide for your journey
- At least SPF 30 (broad spectrum) and higher every day.
- Two fingers of cream for your face (and neck).
- Reapply every 2 hours or after swimming/intense sweating.
- Add a protective hat, goggles and a t-shirt with UPF when the UV index is ≥ 3.
Summary: The sun is a great mood lifter, but without protection, it can take its toll on your skin in the form of wrinkles, spots, and an increased risk of cancer. Sunscreen with enough SPF, the right amount, and regular reapplication are the easiest ways to keep your skin looking healthy and youthful for as long as possible. Free of wrinkles, age spots, and other sun-related problems.
